Improvement in brick-machines



c.- SCHL'ICKEYSEN.

BRICK-MACHINE.

Patented April 3, 1877.

715M464 Q r NJHERS. FNOWIJTHOQRAFHE'R. WASHINGTON. D. O.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OHA R LES SGHLIOKEYSEN, OF BERLIN, PRUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHlNES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189,270, dated April 3, 1677; application filed December 2, 1876.

- f0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES ,SCHLICKEY- My invention relates to that class of ma chines in which a horizontal feedcylinder is 3 employed, said machines having been placed on exhibition and worked by me at the International Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia; and consists, first, in the application of a removable and adjustable former-head toholdthe former nearer to or farther from the mouth of the horizontal feed-cylinder, according to the nature and pressure of the mate- .rialthat is to say, according to the nature and quantity of the material fed from the cylinder to the former; and, second, in combining a removable and adjustable former-head with a longitudinal feed-cylinder carrying the feed or pug shaft, said cylinder being formed in two halves and adapted to be opened and closed; and, lastly, in several details of construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter fully described.

By this construction and arrangement a highly-finished brick is obtained, while at the same time a great saving in power is effected, as will be readily understood.

But that my invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the same in detail by aid of the accompanying drawings, in Which r Figure l is a plan view, .Fig. 2 a vertical longi'tudinal section, and Fig. 3 a vertical transupper half of the cylinder, and the other the lower half, the ends of the straps being provided with or forming ears D which are locked together by means of bolts and nuts, as fully shown by Fig. 1.

The arrangement of hinged straps not only affords a secure locking of. the two halves of the cylinder 1), but also serves to strengthen the latter materially.

1 have here described one means of locking the two halves of the cylinder, though I do not wish to limit myself to the particular devices to that efl'ect, as shown and described, as it will be readily understood that any other suitable means for locking the two halves of the cylinder may be employed.

0 is the feed and mixing screw, the axis 0 of which has its bearings at one end at or near the outlet-orifice of the cylinder b, in a suitable bracket or support, several of which may be employed, if desired. The other or outer end of the axis 0 passes through the headof 1 the cylinder, and has its hearings in uprights a a, formed on or bolted to the main-frame a.

The axis 0 within the cylinder Z2 carries a series of feed and cutter blades, 0, formed spirally upon sleeves 0 3 which latter are keyed or otherwise secured upon the shaft 0. c is a short axis, which has its bearings in the uprights a and carries a fast and loose pulley, d d, and a pinion, e, which latter transmits motion to a cog-Wheel, e, mounted upon the outer end of the shaft 0 between the up rights a, to operate said shaft 0 which carries another gear-wheel, f, between the head of. the cylinder '1) and the uprights a said gear-wheel f meshing with a pinion, f mounted on the axis of the feed-roll g, and in this manner the feed-roll is operated from the screwshaft 0 This feed-roll g practically forms one side of an inclined funnel-shaped feed- The feed-roll g is, by preference, constructed with a perfectly-smooth periphery, but it is sometimesdesirable, according to the nature of the material to be worked, to employ aroll having a roughened, ribbed, or corrugated surface, said ribs or corrugations being formed either on a line :with its axis or peripheral or spiral,as.may be found necessary. In some cases it may also be found advantageous to employ, in conjunction with the feed-roll, a stationary cutter, having vertical or straight blades to cut the material while being fed by the feed-roll g to the cylinder I) and screw 0. This stationary cutter consists of a shaft or axis, which has its bearings in the sides of the teed-hopper a little above and in front of the feed-roll g, and carries three or more cuttingblades, to cut the material while being fed to the cylinder by the feed-roll g.

lis the 1novable-former-head, consisting of a square mouth to receive the former and a cy lindrical portion to fit over the twohalves of the cylinder 1), to which it is removably and,

adjustably connected by meansof the screwbolts l l, aflixed by pivots or eyes to cars I) b formed .on the cylinder 1), said screw-bolts is taperingfrom its rearend toward its front or mouth, or nearly so, and is lined with aseries of overlapping sheet-metal plates, m, at-

tached to the former m at their rear. ends only, seas to leave a passage-way.at the. point where said plates .overlap each other, except the plate at the month of the former, which is tightly and smoothly fitted to the latter. The formenm is provided on its upper face with one or more recesses, a, forming water-reservoirs, the bottom of which is covered with .,some suitable filtering materialsuch as canvasxor other open fabric-to filter the water ted into said reservoirs and prevent any impurities that may be contained therein from penetrating and obstructin g the distributingchannels 0, which diverge from said recesses a, to carry the water between each two over lapping plates m--that is to say, the arrange ment of channels and plates is as follows The plate at the mouth of the former in has its whole surface connected to the former, and terminates at a pointwhere the first watery channel 0 is formed; the next succeeding plate has only one half, or nearly so, of its surface attached or made fast to the former in from a point in rear of the first water=channel to the front edge of the second channel 0, While the other loose half of the plate overlaps the first plate m, and so on, in succession, to the rear end of the former m. The plates m having a yielding surface, the pressure of the material passing. through theformer will continually squeeze out, or, more properly, producea suction of, the water contained in the channels 0.

which is fed thereto from. the reservoirs a, to

which latter the water may befed from any suitable source .of supply,preferably from a tank located on the former-head By this means the surface of the material passing through the former m .is kept moist all the time, imparting to the product a high finish or smooth surfaces, and at the same time effectin g a great saving OfDOWGI', while the choking or obstructing ot' the former m is also eifectually prevented.

Instead of metallic plates m, leather or other suitable material may be employed as an overlapping lining to the formerm, which latter may also be constructed of several parts.

The former is connected to the former-head by means of bolts or pins to facilitate its removal when another former is tobe placed in theheadl. i When peat or mortar is to be workedin the machine,a feed-roll, g, of smaller diameter than the roll g, and having a series of radially or spirally arranged cutting and feeding blades arranged uponits periphery, is arrangedmithin the hopper, asshow'n at g, Fig. 3, therear side of the hopper being then closed, and the feed roll g is located above theroll g, from which it receives motion, as shownin Fig. 3.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by. LettersFIatcut,is--

1. In a brick-machine, the combination, with the feed and mixing cylinder b,of a formerhead adapted to be adjusted to and from said cylinder in a line with that of its axis, substantially as described, for the. purposeset forth.- 5

2. The driving or operating mechanism, consisting of the gear-wheels ffcl and the pinion a and a fast pulley, the latter two mounted on a counter-shaft, 0 in combination with the pug-shafts and thel'eed-roll g,all constructed,

arranged, andoperating substantially as described.

3. The former a, the adjustableformer-hcad 

